Old-age pension eligibility
Qualifying for the old-age pension takes two conditions at once — age and pension service. No route based on service alone was found in any source read.
Two conditions at once: age 65 years, 15 years of service
RPKS § 7 subsection 1 grants the old-age pension to anyone who has turned 65 years and has acquired at least 15 years of pension-qualifying service in Estonia. Both conditions apply at once, identically for men and women — RPKS also carries two earlier, gradual-rise age tables, but both are now fully spent and apply to no one going forward.
One important addition: the age from 2027 onward. RPKS § 71, an already- enacted provision, states that from 2027 the old-age pension age rises further in line with the measured change in 65-year-olds’ life expectancy, fixed annually by ministerial regulation, on a capped annual step. RPKS itself states no specific age for anyone reaching pension age in 2027 or later — the regulation that would enact it was not located while assembling this material. Anyone reaching 65 in 2027 or later should not treat 65 years as the final answer.
No route on service alone
Unlike some other systems, a long working career does not by itself grant Estonia’s old-age pension without also meeting the age condition.
No route to a vanaduspension by pension-service alone, at any age, was found: § 7 requires both the age condition and 15 years of service in every case read, including the flexible early/late variant at § 91. A separate benefit, rahvapension (§ 22), does pay someone who has reached pension age WITHOUT enough service for a vanaduspension — but that is a different benefit, paid at a flat, lower "rahvapensioni määr" rather than the vanaduspension formula, and it still requires reaching the same pension AGE, not service alone at any age.
Where this leads
Once the age and service conditions are met, the next question is how large the pension turns out to be — see how the pension is calculated — or whether it can be drawn earlier, see flexible early access, which requires the same 15 years minimum service but allows drawing up to 5 years earlier.